The UK is in the process of updating a key national strategy aimed at readying the entire country — spanning the armed forces, police, healthcare, and industry — for a potential shift to a wartime footing, as disclosed by the military’s top official.
Air Chief Marshal Sir Richard Knighton announced that a revised version of the “Government War Book” is under development, requiring a fresh perspective on resilience by drawing insights from the Cold War era and adapting them to contemporary society and infrastructure.
During the London Defence Conference, Knighton also highlighted the impact of Britain’s warning regarding the possibility of seizing vessels linked to Russia’s “shadow fleet.” Although no ships have been boarded yet, the mere threat has compelled Moscow to either escort these tankers or redirect them away from UK waters, despite some still being observed off the coast. When asked about potential boarding operations commencing, Knighton affirmed readiness, stating, “Be assured. We are prepared.”
One of the significant challenges faced by the military is the restoration of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force to a state of readiness for conflict after years of insufficient investment post the Cold War. Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer and Defence Secretary John Healey have committed to increasing defense spending to 3.5% of GDP from slightly over 2%, but this adjustment is not anticipated until 2035.
The long-awaited 10-year Defence Investment Plan, outlining future weaponry and capabilities, is yet to be released, leaving the defense industry in uncertainty. Knighton hinted that the delay could be attributed to the Ministry of Defence’s push for expedited access to additional Treasury funds, expressing a preference for a fully funded and feasible plan, even if it takes longer to finalize.
Central to his remarks was the initiative, led by the Cabinet Office, to revive the government’s war book concept — a comprehensive set of plans initially formulated during the First World War. These documents historically ensured the UK’s readiness and resilience, detailing strategies for mobilizing not only the military but also civilians and industries during crises, encompassing measures like school closures, hospital coordination, food rationing, and safeguarding national assets.
Although the system gradually phased out post the Cold War due to high maintenance costs, Knighton indicated its revival in a modernized form. He emphasized NATO’s perspective on transitioning to conflict, emphasizing the importance of fortifying critical infrastructure — such as energy, water, and transportation systems — against natural disasters and potential hostile activities.
Knighton also advocated for future infrastructure enhancements to consider threats beyond conventional warfare, necessitating altered priorities and long-term planning across governmental sectors. He cautioned that the stability the UK has enjoyed over the past three decades is facing increased pressures, stressing the importance of enhancing public awareness about potential threats and the civilian role in strengthening national resilience and supporting the armed forces.